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Kamoa-Kakula’s Phase 2 concentrator plant begins hot commissioning ahead of schedule

Mine Development & Operations Metallurgy & Processing

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March 22, 2022

Kamoa-Kakula’s Phase 2 concentrator plant begins hot

commissioning ahead of schedule

■

Production of copper concentrate from Phase 2 plant

now underway

■

Early commissioning positions Kamoa-Kakula to achieve upper

end of 2022 copper production guidance of between 290,000 and

340,000 tonnes

■

De-bottlenecking program underway to boost copper production

to more than 450,000 tonnes annually by Q2 2023

LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND – Ivanhoe Mines (TSX: IVN; OTCQX: IVPAF) Co-Chair

Robert Friedland is pleased to announce today at the Financial Times Global

Commodities Summit, to an audience of international mining and market leaders, the

start of hot commissioning of the Phase 2, 3.8-million-tonne-per-annum concentrator

plant at the Kamoa-Kakula Mining Complex. In addition, the first filtered copper

concentrate production from the Phase 2 plant also has commenced.

First ore was introduced into the Phase 2 milling circuit on March 21, and first copper

concentrate has been produced, approximately four months ahead of the original,

announced development schedule. The Phase 2 concentrator plant is identical to the

Phase 1 plant, with a design throughput of 475 dry tonnes per hour, or 3.8 million

tonnes of ore per year. Over the last six months, the Phase 1 plant has consistently

exceeded design ore throughput by approximately 10% to 15%.

The Phase 1 concentrator plant reached commercial production in July 2021,

approximately two months after the start of hot commissioning, and reached design ore

throughput in August 2021.

Mark Farren, Kamoa Copper’s CEO, commented: “We now have successfully built the

first two concentrator plants ahead of schedule and on budget. Given the experience

gained by our operations team during the ramp up of the Phase 1 plant, we anticipate

the ramp up of the Phase 2 plant will go even smoother. In addition, since the Phase 2

plant has started earlier than planned, we now expect to achieve the upper end of our

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copper production guidance for 2022, which currently is estimated at between 290,000

tonnes and 340,000 tonnes of copper in concentrate.”

“The entire Kamoa Copper team has done a tremendous job in getting the Phase 2 plant

up and running less than 10 months after the Phase 1 plant began operations,” said Mr.

Friedland. “The commissioning of the Phase 2 plant is the second important step on the

path to establish Kamoa-Kakula as one of the two largest copper mining complexes on

our planet … with a mine life that will last for generations. Kamoa-Kakula is by far the

greenest and highest-grade major copper producer in the world. As Phase 2 is handed

over to our operations team, the projects team now will turn its focus to the Phase 3

expansion, which currently is scheduled to begin operations by the end of 2024.

“Global climate change is real, and we see ourselves as an integral part of the solution

by providing the copper the world urgently needs for an all-electric future. Together

with our joint venture partners, we are resolved to expedite future expansion phases at

Kamoa-Kakula to generate profitable growth and provide long-lasting economic and

social benefits for the Congolese people.

“The Ivanhoe Mines management team is motivated to realize the potential to find

additional Kamoa-Kakula-like copper discoveries on our Western Foreland exploration

licences right next door, in an almost identical geologic setting. Our expansive 2022

drilling campaign, totalling approximately 95,000 metres, will soon commence.”

Watch a new video highlighting the commissioning of Kamoa-Kakula’s

Phase 2 concentrator plant: https://vimeo.com/690889673/6de106f6a5

De-bottlenecking program underway to boost processing capacity at the

Phase 1 and 2 plants by more than 20%

The de-bottlenecking program that was announced last month is progressing on

schedule. The program will see Kamoa-Kakula increase the combined design

processing capacity of the Phase 1 and Phase 2 concentrator plants by approximately

21%, to 9.2 million tonnes per annum, up from 7.6 million tonnes per annum.

Engineering design is underway, and procurement of long-lead items has begun.

Kamoa Copper expects to be in a position to increase Kamoa-Kakula’s combined

processing capacity to 9.2 million tonnes per annum by Q2 2023.

Once completed, the de-bottlenecking program will enable the copper production from

Kamoa Copper’s first two phases to exceed 450,000 tonnes per year, positioning Kamoa

Copper as the world’s fourth largest copper producer.

The successful execution of Kamoa-Kakula's Phase 1 and 2 construction projects, as

well as the ongoing de-bottlenecking program, have been undertaken by the same

competent owners' team alongside a combination of tier-one local and international

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contractors. Without this fantastic teamwork, none of these achievements would have

been possible.

Kamoa Copper management would like to especially acknowledge the following

partners for their intense efforts in building Phase 1 and Phase 2 in record time, while

remaining on budget:

DRA Global Limited of Johannesburg, South Africa; the China ENFI Engineering

Corporation of Beijing, China; Kamoa-Kakula Construction Company (Zijin

Construction) of Xiamen, China; Lualaba Prospere SA; T3 Projects of Johannesburg,

South Africa; CITIC Construction and CITIC Heavy Industries of Beijing, China; and

Kongo River of Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo.

Phase 2 offtake negotiations to be concluded imminently

Negotiations to extend existing offtake arrangements to accommodate Phase 2 copper

production are nearing completion, based on competitive arm’s-length commercial

terms. The Phase 2 offtake is expected to streamline and improve certain provisions

from Phase 1, for the benefit of all parties.

About the Kamoa-Kakula Copper Mining Complex

Kamoa-Kakula is the world’s fastest growing and highest-grade major copper mining

complex. Based on independent benchmarking, the project’s phased expansion

scenario to 19 million tonnes per annum would position Kamoa-Kakula as the world’s

second-largest copper mining complex, with peak annual copper production of more

than 800,000 tonnes.

A 2020 independent audit of Kamoa-Kakula's greenhouse gas intensity metrics

performed by Hatch Ltd. of Mississauga, Canada, confirmed that the project will be

among the world's lowest greenhouse gas emitters per unit of copper produced.

The Kamoa-Kakula Copper Project is a joint venture between Ivanhoe Mines (39.6%),

Zijin Mining Group (39.6%), Crystal River Global Limited (0.8%) and the Government of

the Democratic Republic of Congo (20%).

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Kamoa-Kakula’s Phase 1 and Phase 2 concentrator plants at night.

Kamoa-Kakula’s Phase 1 and Phase 2 concentrator plants, now both operating.

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Members of Kamoa Copper’s commissioning team celebrate first ore feed

through the Phase 2 ball mills. First ore was introduced into the Phase 2 milling

circuit on March 21, 2022.

Members of Kamoa Copper’s logistics and customs team with new Sandvik 21-

tonne underground loaders (scooptrams) that will help accelerate underground

mine development for the Phase 2 and Phase 3 expansions. (L-R) Ruddy

Mutombo, Casper de Jager, Richard Yatha, Marc Kafwata and Kayumba Dyuba

Salis.

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Kamoa-Kakula's third Larox Filter press arrives at Lumbumbashi airport from

Metso Outotec of Espoo, Finland.

Qualified Persons

Disclosures of a scientific or technical nature regarding development scenarios at the

Kamoa-Kakula Project in this news release have been reviewed and approved by Steve

Amos, who is considered, by virtue of his education, experience and professional

association, a Qualified Person under the terms of NI 43-101. Mr. Amos is not

considered independent under NI 43-101 as he is the Head of the Kamoa Project. Mr.

Amos has verified the technical data disclosed in this news release.

Ivanhoe has prepared an independent, NI 43-101-compliant technical report for the

Kamoa-Kakula Project, which is available on the company’s website and under the

company’s SEDAR profile at www.sedar.com:

• Kamoa-Kakula Integrated Development Plan 2020 dated October 13, 2020,

prepared by OreWin Pty Ltd., China Nerin Engineering Co., Ltd., DRA Global,

Epoch Resources, Golder Associates Africa, KGHM Cuprum R&D Centre Ltd.,

Outotec Oyj, Paterson and Cooke, Stantec Consulting International LLC, SRK

Consulting Inc., and Wood plc.

The technical report includes relevant information regarding the assumptions,

parameters and methods of the mineral resource estimates on the Kamoa-Kakula

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Project cited in this news release, as well as information regarding data verification,

exploration procedures and other matters relevant to the scientific and technical

disclosure contained in this news release.

About Ivanhoe Mines

Ivanhoe Mines is a Canadian mining company focused on advancing its three principal

projects in Southern Africa: the development of major new, mechanized, underground

mines at the Kamoa-Kakula copper discoveries in the Democratic Republic of Congo

and at the Platreef palladium-rhodium-platinum-nickel-copper-gold discovery in South

Africa; and the extensive redevelopment and upgrading of the historic Kipushi zinc-

copper-germanium-silver mine, also in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Kamoa-Kakula is the world’s fastest growing major copper mine. Kamoa-Kakula began

producing copper concentrates in May 2021 and, through phased expansions, is

positioned to become one of the world's largest copper producers. Kamoa-Kakula is

being powered by clean, renewable hydro-generated electricity and is projected to be

among the world’s lowest greenhouse gas emitters per unit of metal produced. Ivanhoe

Mines has pledged to achieve net-zero operational greenhouse gas emissions (Scope 1

and 2) at the Kamoa-Kakula Copper Mine. Ivanhoe also is exploring for new copper

discoveries on its Western Foreland exploration licences in the Democratic Republic of

Congo, near the Kamoa-Kakula Project.

Information contacts

Investors: Bill Trenaman +1.604.331.9834 / Media: Matthew Keevil +1.604.558.1034

Forward-looking statements

Certain statements in this release constitute “forward-looking statements” or “forward-looking

information” within the meaning of applicable securities laws. Such statements and information involve

known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results,

performance or achievements of the company, its projects, or industry results, to be materially different

from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking

statements or information. Such statements can be identified by the use of words such as “may”,

“would”, “could”, “will”, “intend”, “expect”, “believe”, “plan”, “anticipate”, “estimate”, “scheduled”,

“forecast”, “predict” and other similar terminology, or state that certain actions, events or results “may”,

“could”, “would”, “might” or “will” be taken, occur or be achieved. These statements reflect the

company’s current expectations regarding future events, performance and results and speak only as of

the date of this release.

Such statements include without limitation, the timing and results of: (i) statements regarding

expectations that the commissioning of the Phase 2 concentrator plant will be smoother than the

commissioning of the Phase 1 concentrator plant; (ii) statements regarding Kamoa-Kakula’s copper

production guidance for 2022, which currently is estimated at between 290,000 tonnes and 340,000

tonnes of copper in concentrate; (iii) statements regarding expectations that the Phase 3 expansion will

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begin operations in in less than two years’ time; (iv) statements regarding Kamoa Copper expects to be

in a position to increase Kamoa-Kakula’s combined processing capacity to 9.2 million tonnes of ore a

year by Q2 2023; (v) statements regarding the de-bottlenecking program will enable the copper

production from Kamoa Copper’s first two phases to exceed 450,000 tonnes per year by Q2 2023; (vi)

statements regarding the Kamoa-Kakula’s phased expansion scenario to 19 million tonnes per annum

would position Kamoa-Kakula as the world’s second-largest copper mining complex, with peak annual

copper production of more than 800,000 tonnes; and (vii) statements regarding Kamoa-Kakula will be

among the world's lowest greenhouse gas emitters per unit of copper produced; (viii) statements

regarding Phase 2 offtake negotiations.

As well, all of the results of the Kakula definitive feasibility study, the Kakula-Kansoko pre-feasibility

study and the Kamoa-Kakula preliminary economic assessment, constitute forward-looking statements

or information, and include future estimates of internal rates of return, net present value, future

production, estimates of cash cost, proposed mining plans and methods, mine life estimates, cash flow

forecasts, metal recoveries, estimates of capital and operating costs and the size and timing of phased

development of the projects. Furthermore, with respect to this specific forward-looking information

concerning the development of the Kamoa-Kakula Project, the company has based its assumptions

and analysis on certain factors that are inherently uncertain. Uncertainties include: (i) the adequacy of

infrastructure; (ii) geological characteristics; (iii) metallurgical characteristics of the mineralization; (iv)

the ability to develop adequate processing capacity; (v) the price of copper; (vi) the availability of

equipment and facilities necessary to complete development; (vii) the cost of consumables and mining

and processing equipment; (viii) unforeseen technological and engineering problems; (ix) accidents or

acts of sabotage or terrorism; (x) currency fluctuations; (xi) changes in regulations; (xii) the compliance

by joint venture partners with terms of agreements; (xiii) the availability and productivity of skilled

labour; (xiv) the regulation of the mining industry by various governmental agencies; (xv) the ability to

raise sufficient capital to develop such projects; (xvi) changes in project scope or design; and (xvii)

political factors.

Forward-looking statements and information involve significant risks and uncertainties, should not be

read as guarantees of future performance or results and will not necessarily be accurate indicators of

whether or not such results will be achieved. A number of factors could cause actual results to differ

materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements or information, including, but not

limited to, the factors discussed below and under “Risk Factors”, and elsewhere in this release, as well

as unexpected changes in laws, rules or regulations, or their enforcement by applicable authorities; the

failure of parties to contracts with the company to perform as agreed; social or labour unrest; changes

in commodity prices; and the failure of exploration programs or studies to deliver anticipated results or

results that would justify and support continued exploration, studies, development or operations.

Although the forward-looking statements contained in this release are based upon what management of

the company believes are reasonable assumptions, the company cannot assure investors that actual

results will be consistent with these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are

made as of the date of this release and are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary

statement. Subject to applicable securities laws, the company does not assume any obligation to

update or revise the forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect events or circumstances

occurring after the date of this release.

The company’s actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking

statements as a result of the factors set forth below in the “Risk Factors” section in the company’s 2021

Q4 and Year-End MD&A and its current annual information form.