Focus Graphite and SOQUEM Announce Positive PEA for the Kwyjibo REE Project in Québec
June 28, 2018
For Immediate Release
FMS: TSX-VENTURE
Focus Graphite and SOQUEM Announce Positive PEA for the Kwyjibo REE
Project in Québec
Kingston, Ontario – (June 28, 2018) - Focus Graphite Inc. (“Focus” ) (FMS: TSX-V; OTCQX: FCSMF;
FSE: FKC) and partner SOQUEM Inc. ("SOQUEM") are pleased to announce the results of the
Preliminary Economic Assessment (“PEA”) for the Kwyjibo Rare Earth Element (“REE”) Project (“Kwyjibo”),
based on a maiden resource estimate and preliminary metallurgical testwork. The Kwyjibo Project is located
125 km northeast of the port city of Sept -Iles, Québec, Canada. The Kwyjibo project is a Joint Venture
between Focus (50%) and SOQUEM Inc. (50%) with SOQUEM acting as Operator .
Highlights1:
• The combined resource for the Josette Northeast and Josette Southwest zones is 6.92 Mt at 2.72%
TREO (Total Rare Earth Oxides) in the Measured and Indicated categories2 and 1.33 Mt at 3.64
%TREO in the Inferred category2
• The PEA focuses exclusively on the Josette Northeast Zone with an underground mine and on-site
concentrator and a hydrometallurgical processing facility located off-site
• 10-year life of mine (LOM) with an average annual throughput of 387,000 t at 3.29% TREO. Total
LOM production is 3.55 Mt at 3.29% TREO
• The REE are concentrated in three minerals: apatite, britholite and allanite
• Average annual concentrate production of 174,000 t grading 7.0 % TREO
• Further hydrometallurgical processing leading to an annual production of 9,500 t of TREO
• Pre-tax internal rate of return (“IRR”) of 21.4% (18.0% after tax) and pre -tax net prese nt value
(“NPV”) of CAD 572.9 million (CAD 380.7 million after tax) in the base case scenario using a Basket
price of CAD 42.81 per kg of TREO
• Capex of CAD 723.6 million with a payback of period of 3.4 years
• Overall TREO recovery of 75%
• The recovery of the REE, especially for Nd and the heavy rare earths (Gd, Dy, Tb, Ho, Er and Y),
with a conventional solvent-extraction hydrometallurgical process is efficient not only in terms of
extraction but also separation
• The Kwyjibo REE deposit remains open at depth with the potential to increase mine life through
additional drilling and technical studies
1 The Preliminary Economic Assessment summarized in this news release is only intended to provide an initial, high -level
review of the project. The PEA mine plan and economic model include the use of Mineral Resources which are considered
too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to be categorized
as Mineral Reserves. There is no certainty that the Preliminary Economic Assessment will be realized.
2 Mineral Resources are not Mineral Reserves and do not have demonstrated economic viability. There is no certainty that
all or any part of the Mineral Resources will be converted into Mineral Reserves. The rounding of tonnes as required by
reporting guidelines may result in apparent differences between tonnes, TREO grade and contained REE.
On behalf of the joint venture partners, Focus Graphite President and CEO Gary Economo stated: “We are
very pleased with the results of the PEA, which suggest that the Kwyjibo REE Project is unique in Québec
in terms of geolog ical settin g, style of mineralization and economic potential. The results not only
demonstrate that significant progress has been made in moving the project from the exploration phase to
the mineral deposit appraisal phase, but also that the potential to expand REE resources at depth, together
with refinements in the hydrometallurgical recovery process and other technical improvements, could result
in significant benefits for the project’s economics. Clearly, additional work is warranted at Kwyjibo.”
Mr. Economo added: “Recent outlooks by Forbes3 have the global demand for electric vehicles climbing to
1.6 million in 2018 and further upwards to an estimated 2 million in 2019. With this trending growth, supply
chains will be under extreme pressure to deliver on the necessa ry rare earth elements. The projects that
will be best suited to fill this production gap will be those with high concentrations of the highly sought-after
element – neodymium”.
Olivier Grondin, President and CEO of SOQUEM commented: “The development of the Kwyjibo Project
can contribute to economic diversification efforts in the Côte-Nord region, while at the same time triggering
the growth of a sustainable rare earth industry in Québec. The positive PEA results will also raise awareness
about Kwyjibo and shine a new light on Québec as a favourable jurisdiction to host potential ly economic
rare earth deposits”.
3 Source: www.forbes.com/sites/sarwantsingh/2018/04/03/global-electric-vehicle-market-looks-to-fire-on-all-motors-in-
2018/#3fa44a852927
PEA Summary
The PEA by Met -Chem covers the mining and milling of RE E-bearing magnetitite material from a n
underground mine , with a mine life of 10 years and a concentrator located on the Kwyjibo Property.
Processing includes crushing, grinding, magnetic separation , thickening and filtering of run-of-mine. The
TREO concentrate produced at the on-site mill will be shipped to a hydrometallurgical plant located outside
the mine site.
The hydrometallurgical processing plant is designed to transform REE concentrate into three separate
refined Rare Earth Oxide ( “REO”) products for an annual production rate of 9,500 t of TREO . The
hydrometallurgical process leaches the concentrate in three steps using solid conversion and is completed
by a multi-stage solvent extraction process to produce three REO products : Nd-Pr oxides, Dy oxide and a
mix of the remaining REO and Y oxide.
The magnetic separation at the concentrator is designed to produce a 7.00% TREO concentrate with a
recovery of 96%. The recovery of TREO from concentrate processed at the hydrometallurgical plant is 78%.
The overall TREO recovery is estimated at 75%.
The mine production and the economic result of the PEA are shown below in Table 1.
The PEA was prepared by Met-Chem of Montreal, Québec, a division of DRA Americas Inc ., and will be
filed on SEDAR at www.sedar.com under Focus Graphite Inc. within 45 days of this news release.
Table 1: PEA Summary Parameters
Value Unit
Mine Production
Production capacity 387 000 t/y
Life mine production 3.55 Mt
Grade (mill feed) 3.29 % TREO
Concentrate production 174 000 t/y
Concentrate grade 7.00 % TREO
Pre-Tax Economic Results
NPV @ 8% 564.0 M CAD
IRR 21.2 %
Payback Period 3.4 years
Undiscounted Cash Flow 1,454.9 M CAD
After Tax Economic Results
NPV @ 8% 373.9 M CAD
IRR 17.8 %
Payback Period 3.6 years
Undiscounted Cash Flow 1,070.9 M CAD
Capital Expenditure and Operating Costs
Capital Expenditure 723.6 M CAD
Sustaining Capital 18.8 M CAD
Revenue 3,463.3 M CAD
Operating Cost 355 CAD/t milled
Operating Cost 14,478 CAD/t REO produced
Life of mine 10 years
Exchange Rate 1.25 CAD/USD
Net smelter Royalty (NSR)4 1.5 %
4 The NSR is payable to the Iron Ore Company of Canada.
Geology and Mineral Resources
The Kwyjibo Rare Earth Element Project, totalling 116 claims and covering 6,27 3.48 hectares, is located
125 km northeast of the city of Sept-Iles, Québec. The project is also located 25 km east of the Québec
North Shore and Labrador railway line (QNS&L) and is only accessible by air from Sept-Iles.
Kwyjibo is located in the Grenville Geological Province of northeastern Québec, and hosts Mesoproterozoic
polymetallic iron (Fe) , copper (Cu), rare earth elements (REE) and gold (Au) mineraliz ation. The
mineralization system comprises six (6) historical showings, distributed in a 4 km-long corridor, with the
main Fe -REE mineralization being the Josette Horizon . The Josette Horizon is divided into two zones:
Josette Northeast and Josette Southwest.
The Fe-REE mineralization system of the Josette Horizon has been drill tested over a strike length of 1.2
km and to a depth of 300 m. Its thickness varies from a few metres to more than 50 m. The mineralized
system remains open at depth. The Josette Northeast Zone is delineated over a strike length of 600 m. The
drilling grid consists of 50 m spaced sections on which drill holes are spaced by 50 to 100 m apart. Locally,
on the Northeast Zone, 25 m spaced sections have drill holes spaced by 25 to 75 m.
The resource estimate is based on validated results from 109 surface drill holes for a total of 19,168 m of
drilling that were completed on the Josette Horizon between 1994 and 2013. About 6,500 m of drill core
(total of 4, 962 samples) have been assayed for REE, base metals, and major and trace elements. Also,
specific gravity was measured for 886 samples from selected 2012 and 2013 drill holes. The geology was
interpreted on 2D sections followed by modelling of 3D envelop es of the mineralized zones. The mineral
resource estimate was based on 1.5 m-long composites along the holes. Blocks of 10 m x 10 m x 5 m were
used and guided by the selective mining unit concept and by the drill hole spacing.
Modelling was performed using MineSight® v. 9.00 software and the inverse distance squared (ID2) method
to estimate TREO (including individual elements), Fe2O3 and P2O5 grades for the Measured, Indicated and
Inferred categories of mineral resources. No capping was applied as TREO contents do not reveal nugget
effect behavior. The geometry of the primary search ellipse was determined from variography analyses with
an anisotropy factor applied. Ellipsoid axes in the X, Y and Z domains were set at 150 m × 150 m × 20 m,
respectively, using normal and unfolded coordinates for the first pass. Where blocks were not informed in
the first pass, a second search was used , keeping the same parameters as the first pass except that the
minimum number of composites used to inform a block was reduced to six (6) instead of the nine (9) used
in the first pass. Where blocks were not informed after the first and second passes, ellipsoid axes in the X,
Y and Z domains were set at 250 m × 250 m × 40 m wit h the number of composites set at three (3). Two
solid models were developed corresponding to the Josette Northeast and Josette Southwest zones. A
regressive model was developed to determine the density of each block as a function of interpolated iron
content, as iron and TREO grades are strongly correlated. A cut-off of CAD 330 per tonne was applied.
Preliminary Metallurgical Testwork
Following a first round of experimental testwork in 20165, Hazen Research Inc. of Golden, Colorado (USA),
conducted a second round of experimental metallurgical testwork in 2017 on a representative REE-bearing
40 kg composite sample of magnetitite material from the Josette Northeast Zone (refer to Focus news
release dated November 24, 2016, available at www.focusgraphite.com). The goal of the testwork was to
determine the parameters of the extraction pH and the separation factors of the different REE. The testwork
included:
• Magnetic separation of the REE-bearing and magnetite-rich sample
• Acid selection studies
• Hydrochloric acid (HCl) leaching of the nonmagnetic concentrate to generate a REE liquor
• Leached liquor neutralization and recovery of the REE as phosphates
• Hydroxide metathesis of the REE phosphates to remove the phosphate and fluoride
• Leaching of the metathesis product to produce a purified REE chloride liquor
• Finally, solvent extraction experiments to determine extraction pH and separation factors for the
different REE from the bulk purified chloride liquor.
Test programs comparing the three most commonly used acid s were conducted on the non -magnetic
concentrate. The results provided the basis for choosing HCl for the leaches . REE r ecoveries are
summarized in Table 3.
5 Hydrometallurgical Work for Kwyjibo Project, Purification of Leach Liquor for Recovery of Rare Earth Elements, Revision 1. Hazen
Research Inc., January 23, 2018, 162 pages.
Table 2. Resource Estimates6
RESOURCES TOTAL REO
By Element
Light and
Heavy TREO Types of Products
Types Tonnes
(‘000)
TREO
(%) La2O3 Ce2O3 Pr2O3 Nd2O3 Sm2O3 Eu2O3 Gd2O3 Tb2O3 Dy2O3 Ho2O3 Er2O3 Tm2O3 Yb2O3 Lu2O3 Y2O3 Light
REO
(%)
Heavy
REO Nd₂O₃
+ Pr₂O₃
(%)
Dy₂O₃
(%)
Other
REO +
Y₂O₃
(%)
Fe₂O₃
(%)
P₂O₅
(%) % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % (%)
Josette Northeast Zone
Measured 1,634 3.34 0.44 1.02 0.13 0.55 0.11 0.01 0.11 0.02 0.11 0.02 0.06 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.70 2.25 1.09 0.68 0.11 2.55 54.69 4.73
Indicated 2,340 3.49 0.45 1.06 0.14 0.57 0.12 0.01 0.12 0.02 0.12 0.02 0.07 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.74 2.34 1.15 0.71 0.12 2.66 52.54 5.34
M + I 3,974 3.43 0.45 1.04 0.13 0.56 0.12 0.01 0.12 0.02 0.11 0.02 0.06 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.72 2.3 1.12 0.69 0.11 2.62 53.42 5.09
Inferred 1,116 4.04 0.54 1.24 0.16 0.66 0.14 0.01 0.14 0.02 0.13 0.03 0.08 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.83 2.73 1.31 0.81 0.13 3.09 49.81 5.96
Josette Southwest Zone
Measured 775 1.8 0.23 0.55 0.07 0.29 0.06 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.38 1.21 0.59 0.36 0.06 1.38 54.14 3.80
Indicated 2,167 1.74 0.23 0.54 0.07 0.28 0.06 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.37 1.17 0.57 0.35 0.06 1.34 52.2 3.47
M + I 2,942 1.76 0.23 0.54 0.07 0.28 0.06 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.37 1.18 0.57 0.35 0.06 1.35 52.71 3.56
Inferred 209 1.51 0.20 0.47 0.06 0.24 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.32 1.02 0.49 0.3 0.05 1.16 40.14 3.83
Combined Zones
Measured 2,409 2.84 0.37 0.87 0.11 0.46 0.10 0.01 0.10 0.02 0.09 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.59 1.92 0.93 0.58 0.09 2.18 54.51 4.43
Indicated 4,507 2.65 0.35 0.81 0.10 0.43 0.09 0.01 0.09 0.01 0.09 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.56 1.78 0.87 0.53 0.09 2.03 52.38 4.44
M + I 6,916 2.72 0.35 0.83 0.11 0.44 0.09 0.01 0.09 0.02 0.09 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.57 1.83 0.89 0.55 0.09 2.08 53.12 4.44
Inferred 1,325 3.64 0.49 1.11 0.14 0.59 0.13 0.01 0.12 0.02 0.12 0.02 0.07 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.75 2.46 1.18 0.73 0.12 2.78 48.28 5.62
6 Cautionary note and other relevant information:
1. The economic viability of mineral resources that are not mineral reserves has not been demonstrated. The mineral resource estimate could be materially affected by environmental, permitting, legal, title-related, taxation, socio-political or marketing issues, or
any other relevant issue.
2. The mineral resources were estimated following the definition standards of the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (CIM) for mineral resources and mineral reserves, prepared by the CIM Standing Committee on Reserve Definitions and
adopted by the CIM Council on May 10, 2014.
3. The inferred mineral resources in this estimate have a lower level of confidence than that applying to indicated resources and must not be converted into mineral reserves. It is reasonably expected that the majority of Inferred Resources could be upgraded to
Indicated Resources with continued exploration.
4. TREO (total rare earth oxides) = La₂O₃ + Ce₂O₃ + Pr₂O₃ + Nd₂O₃ + Sm₂O₃ + Eu₂O₃ + Gd₂O₃ + Tb₂O₃ + Dy₂O₃ + Ho₂O₃ + Er₂O₃ + Tm₂O₃ + Yb₂O₃ + Lu₂O₃ + Y₂O₃.
5. LREO (light rare earth oxides) = La₂O₃ + Ce₂O₃ + Pr₂O₃ + Nd₂O₃ + Sm₂O₃ (as used by Hazen Research Inc.).
6. HREO (heavy rare earth oxides) = Eu₂O₃ + Gd₂O₃ + Tb₂O₃ + Dy₂O₃ + Ho₂O₃ + Er₂O₃ + Tm₂O₃ + Yb₂O₃ + Lu₂O₃ + Y₂O₃ (as used by Hazen Research Inc.).
7. The effective date of the resource estimate is November 17, 2017.
Table 3. REE Recoveries in Hydrometallurgical Unit Operations
Unit Operation TREE + Y
Recovery*
HREE
Recovery
Leach 98 96
Neutralization >99 >99
Releach 98** 98**
Reneutralization 99 >99
Metathesis >99 >99
Metathesis leach 82 81
SX bulk loading >99 >99
Cumulative
recoverya
77.97** 80.4**
SX = solvent extraction
* Represents the cumulative recovery of TREE + Y in the nonmagnetic concentrate
** Expert assumption and calculated based on initial test work at HAZEN Research. This
represents an optimized releach extraction. Further testing is needed to confirm the releach
optimum extraction.
Also, the initial reagent consumptions have been preliminarily assessed during the test programs. The results are
summarized in Table 4.
Table 4. Reagent Addition and Consumption in Hydrometallurgical Unit Op erations
Unit Operation Reagent Consumption (kg/t concentrate)
HCl CaCO3 MgO 50% NaOH
Leach 504 n/a n/a n/a
Neutralization n/a 322 20 n/a
Releach 42 n/a n/a n/a
Reneutralization n/a n/a 267 n/a
Metathesis n/a n/a n/a 30
Metathesis leach 33 n/a n/a n/a
SX bulk loading n/a n/a n/a 59
n/a = not applicable
SX = solvent extraction
The test program was successful in proving and confirming the simple nature of the flowsheet required to extract
and separate rare earth elements from the Kwyjibo REE-bearing minerals. The next program will establish the
basis for optimization of process areas such as the releach, the metathesis leach and the interaction of calcium.
The Kwyjibo flowsheet was developed to emphasize the production of three REO products: a purified Nd-Pr oxide
product, a purified separate Dy oxide product , and a Y-enriched mixed oxide product from the remaining rare
earth elements.
About REE and REE Markets
Rare Earth Elements (REE) are a group of specialty metals with distinctive physical, chemical and optical
properties that are seeing increases in demand across a wide range of industries, owing to their unique
technological applications. Traditional applications range from permanent magnets, metal alloys, phosphors and
catalysts, to polishing compounds, glass and ceramics. With the global drive to reduce g reenhouse gas
emissions, REE have become critical materials to emerging technologies in the renewable energy sector. Modern
applications range from high-performance electric motors, rechargeable batteries in hybrid and electrical vehicles,
and energy efficient LED lighting and photovoltaic cells in solar panels, to high-power magnets in air conditioning
systems and wind turbines.
The balance of demand and supply in the world market for REE has historically been relatively stable but has
become sensitive to factors such as technological innovations and restrictive trade policies. Global consumption
of REE has been increasing steadily since the mid 2000s, while supply has tightened dramatically. The global
REE production is dominated by China , leaving other co untries vulnerable to the availability and uninterrupted
supply of Chinese exports to meet their industrial needs. Furthermore, China is increasingly prioritizing its
domestic markets by reducing export quotas on REE and raising export taxes.
In their rep ort entitled “Rare Earth Market Study for Kwyjibo Preliminary Economic Assessment ”, Adamas
Intelligence7, an independent market research and advisory services group, states:
“Within the next ten years Adamas Intelligence believes that the evolving supply -demand fundamentals of the
rare earth market will open a window of opportunity for multiple new rare earth mines to be developed outside of
China, so long as these new mines are economically viable, and their output is comprised predominantly of the
rare earth elements the market will necessitate most.”
Adamas Intelligence further states:
“The Kwyjibo Project offers strong economic exposure to the permanent magnet sector, which is the fastest -
growing end-use category and most in need of additional rare earth supply.”
Neodymium and praseodymium are the principal REE used in high -powered magnets while dysprosium and
terbium are also used in small amounts to allow magnets to retain their properties at higher temperatures.
7 Rare Earth Market Study for Kwyjibo Preliminary Economic Assessment, Adamas Intelligence, February 23, 2018, 23 pages.
Qualified Persons
This press release has been reviewed for accuracy and compliance under National Instrument 43-101 Standards
of Disclosure for Mineral Projects by the following qualified persons as defined by NI 43-101:
The technical information in this press release has been reviewed and approved by Mr. Rock Gagnon, P. Eng. of
DRA/Met-Chem, and other qualified persons as relevant to their area of responsibility and expertise.
The mineral resource estimate , which forms the basis of the PEA , was prepared by S. Ibrango, P.Geo., PhD,
MBA, Chief of Geology and Hydrogeology at Met -Chem, an "independent qualified person" as defined in NI 43 -
101.
The technical information on metallurgical testwork and hydrometallurgy was reviewed and approved by Mr. Eric
Larochelle, P.Eng., President of SMH Process Innovation and an independent consultant to Met-Chem.
The non-technical content of this news release was reviewed and approved by Mr. Marc-André Bernier, M.Sc.,
P.Geo. (Québec and Ontario), Senior Geoscientist with the Table Jamésienne de Concertation Minière (TJCM)
of Chibougamau, Québec, and a consultant to Focus Graphite Inc.
About Focus Graphite
Focus Graphite Inc. is an emerging mid-tier junior mining development company, a technology solutions supplier
and a business innovator. Focus is the owner of the Lac Knife flake graphite project located 27 km south of
Fermont, Québec, currently at the advanc ed environment assessment stage . To meet Québec stakeholder
interests for the transformation of mine concentrate within the province and to add shareholder value, Focus is
evaluating the feasibility of producing value-added graphite products including battery-grade spherical graphite.
Focus also holds a significant equity position in graphene applications developer Grafoid Inc. and is a member of
the 2GL Alliance with Grafoid, Stria Lithium Inc. and Braille Battery Inc.
About SOQUEM
SOQUEM Inc., a subsidiary of Ressources Québec, is a leading player in mineral exploration in Québec. Its
mission is to explore, discover and develop mining properties in Québec. SOQUEM has participated in more than
350 exploration projects and contributed to majo r discoveries of gold, diamonds, lithium and other mineral
commodities.
About Met-Chem/DRA
The Met-Chem division of DRA Americas was originally established in 1969 as a consulting engineering company,
headquartered in Montreal, and provides a wide range of technical and engineering services. Met -Chem is well-
recognized for its capabilities in mining, geology and mineral processing, and has a talented team of engineering,
technical and project management personnel with experience in North America, La tin America, Europe, West
Africa and India. DRA is a multi-disciplinary global engineering group that originated in South Africa and delivers
mining, mineral processing, energy, water treatment and infrastructure services from concept to commissioning,
as well as comprehensive operations and maintenance services for the mineral resources, water, agriculture and
energy sectors. DRA has offices in Africa, Australia, Canada, China and the United States.
Forward Looking Statements – Disclaimer
This news release contains forward looking information within the meaning of Canadian securities legislation. All
information contained herein that is not clearly historical in nature may constitute forward -looking information.
Generally, such forward-looking information can be identified by the use of forward -looking terminology such as
“plans”, “expects”, or “does not expect”, “is expected”, “budget”, “scheduled”, “estimates”, “forecasts”, “intends”,
“anticipates”, or “does not anticipate”, or “believes”, or variations of such words or phrases or state that certain
actions, events or results “may”, “could”, “would”, “might”, or “will be taken”, “occur”, or “be achieved”. Forward -
looking information is subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors th at may cause the
actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements of the Company to be materially different from those
expressed or implied by such forward -looking Information, including but not limited to: (i) volatile stock price; (ii)
the general global markets and economic conditions; (iii) the possibility of write -downs and impairments; (iv) the
risk associated with exploration, development and operations of mineral deposits; (v) the risk associated with
establishing title to mineral prop erties and assets; (vi) the risks associated with entering into joint ventures; (vii)
fluctuations in commodity prices; (viii) the risks associated with uninsurable risks arising during the course of
exploration, development and production; (ix) competitio n faced by the resulting issuer in securing experienced
personnel and financing; (x) access to adequate infrastructure to support mining, processing, development and
exploration activities; (xi) the risks associated with changes in the mining regulatory re gime governing the
resulting issuer; (xii) the risks associated with the various environmental regulations the resulting issuer is subject
to; (xiii) risks related to regulatory and permitting delays; (xiv) risks related to potential conflicts of interest; (xv)
the reliance on key personnel; (xvi) liquidity risks; (xvii) the risk of potential dilution through the issue of common