Bravo Announces Maiden Mineral Resource Estimate of 4.1 Moz Palladium Equivalent (“PdEq”) Indicated and 5.7 Moz PdEq Inferred at Luanga Highlights of Bravo’s 2023 Maiden Mineral Resource Estimate (“MRE”) at a 0.50 g/t PdEq cut-off grade
NEWS RELEASE
22 October 2023
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Bravo Announces Maiden Mineral Resource Estimate of 4.1 Moz Palladium
Equivalent (“PdEq”) Indicated and 5.7 Moz PdEq Inferred at Luanga
Highlights of Bravo’s 2023 Maiden Mineral Resource Estimate (“MRE”) at a 0.50 g/t PdEq cut-off grade
• The maiden MRE for Luanga shows a substantial increase in tonnes and contained metals (Pd, Pt, Rh, Au, Ni)
at higher palladium equivalent ("PdEq") grades than the previously reported Historical Estimate (as defined
below).
• Indicated Mineral Resource of 73 million tonnes (“Mt”) at 1.75 grams per tonne (“g/t”) of PdEq for 4.1
million ounces (“Moz”) of PdEq.
o Includes 4.6Mt at 1.43 g/t PdEq of Oxide material.
• Additional Inferred Minerals Resources of 118Mt at 1.50 g/t PdEq for a total of 5.7 Moz PdEq.
o Includes 10.0Mt at 1.30g/t PdEq of Oxide material.
• MRE includes of 89,500 tonnes of nickel in sulphides in the Indicated category and 104,600 tonnes Inferred.
• 38% of the MRE in the Indicated category and 62% in the Inferred category.
• Recoverable PdEq MRE grades on sulphide (“Fresh Rock”) material are calculated based on two extensive
phases of laboratory flotation testwork performed by Bravo (117 flotation tests) and three programs of
historical flotation testwork, including two historical pilot plant tests.
o Sulphide recovery assumptions (based on these tests): Pt 88%, Pd 80%, Rh 59%, Au 56%, Ni 50%.
• Recoverable PdEq MRE grades on Oxide material are calculated based on two programs of carbon -in-leach
and gravimetric testwork performed by Bravo, which included 31 leaching tests.
o Oxide recovery assumptions (based on these tests): Au 94%, Pd 73%, Rh 61%, Pt 24%
• MRE is based on commodity price assumptions using a 10-year trailing averages.
o Relative percentages of each metal by PdEq value contribution to the MRE are estimated at: 43% Pd,
30% Pt, 12% Rh, 12% sulphide Ni, and 3% Au.
• MRE is open at depth along the entire 8.1km of strike of the deposit.
o MRE delineated to an average depth of 200 m while drilling has demonstrated that mineralization
continues to depths of at least ~350m in those areas tested and is still open.
• Significant potential also exists to increase oxide inventory beyond that in the current MRE.
o Trenching program is only partially completed, with the entire Central Sector yet to be trenched, and
some trenches still to be completed in the North and Southwest sectors.
“The delivery of our maiden mineral r esource estimate after only 15 months from our IPO is arguably Bravo’s most
significant milestone to date . The resource estimate underscores Luanga’s size, grade, and potential open-pittable
nature, which is supported by straightforward metallurgy", said Luis Azevedo, Chairman and CEO . “On top of such
attributes, Luanga has the potential to be one of the few multi-million-ounce sources of such critical and scarce PGM
and Ni metals outside regions challenged by political instability , infrastructure shortcomings and permitting
complexities. There remains substantial immediate growth potential to this initial MRE. The drilling program is now
following up on the encouraging results beyond the current MRE limiting pit constraints, in addition to the
continuation of the trenching program , which has proven to be an effective way of assessing oxide mineralization
potential. Further, we are progressing with the drilling of the recently identified priority electromagnetic anomalies,
which targets massive or semi-massive sulphides, adding to the prospectivity for new discoveries and deposit types
at Luanga”.
NEWS RELEASE
22 October 2023
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VANCOUVER, October 22, 2023 – Bravo Mining Corp. (TSX.V: BRVO, OTCQX: BRVMF), (“Bravo” or the “ Company”)
announced that it has completed an initial MRE for its 100% owned Luanga palladium + platinum + rhodium + gold +
nickel project (“ Luanga” or “ Luanga PGM+Au+Ni Project ”), located in the Carajás Mineral Province, state of Pará,
Brazil.
Bravo’s maiden and pit constrained MRE has an effective date of October 22, 2023, and it is com prised of 73 Mt
grading 1.75 g/t PdEq for a total of 4.1 Moz of PdEq in the Indicated category and 118 Mt grading 1.50 g/t PdEq for
5.7 Moz PdEq in the Inferred category. Table 1 shows a breakdown of the MRE by tonnage, grade and metal content
for each metal, weathering type, and resource classification category.
Resource
Classification Weathering
Average Grades and Contained Metal Estimates
Tonnes Pd Eq Pd Pt Rh Au Ni
Mt g/t Oz g/t Oz g/t Oz g/t Oz g/t Oz % Tonnes
Indicated
Oxide 4.6 1.43 212,990 0.91 135,949 0,54 79,901 0.07 10,031 0.08 11,944 n/a n/a
Fresh Rock 68.5 1.77 3,892,313 0.78 1,705,709 0.53 1,159,078 0.06 131,248 0.07 146,263 0.13 89,539
Total 73.1 1.75 4,105,303 0.78 1,841,658 0.53 1,238,979 0.06 141,279 0.07 158,207 0.13 89,539
Inferred
Oxide 10.0 1.30 418,810 0.75 241,117 0.72 230,367 0.08 25,738 0.04 12,444 n/a n/a
Fresh Rock 108.1 1.52 5,286,970 0.60 2,082,479 0.57 1,997,054 0.05 190,746 0.04 122,076 0.10 104,640
Total 118.1 1.50 5,705,780 0.61 2,323,596 0.59 2,227,421 0.06 216,484 0.04 134,520 0.10 104,640
Table 1: MRE Declaration at a Cut-off of 0.5g/t PdEq*
* Notes:
• The M RE has been prepared by Porfírio Cabaleiro Rodriguez, Mining Engineer, BSc (Mine Eng), MAIG, director of GE21 Consultoria Mineral Ltda., an
independent Qualified Person (“QP”) under National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”). The effective date of the
MRE is 22 October 2023.
• Mineral resources are reported using the 2014 CIM Definition Standards and were estimated in accordance with the CIM 2019 Best Practic es Guidelines, as
required by NI 43-101.
• Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. There is no certainty that all mineral resources will be converted
into mineral reserves.
• This MRE includes inferred mineral resources which have had insufficient work to classify them as Indicated mineral resources. It is uncertain but reasonably
expected that inferred mineral resources could be upgraded to indicated mineral resources with continued exploration.
• The Mineral Resource Estimate is reported/confined within an economic pit shell generated by Whittle software, using the following assumptions:
Generated from work completed by Bravo and historical test work:
o Phase 1 and 2 Metallurgy testwork – Metallurgical recovery in sulphide material of 80% Pd, 88% Pt, 59% Rh, 56% Au, 50% Ni to a saleable Ni-PGM
concentrate.
o Phase 1 and 2 Metallurgy testwork– Metallurgical recovery in oxide material of 73% Pd, 24% Pt, 61% Rh, 94% Au to a saleable PGM ash residue (Ni
not applicable).
o Independent Geotechnical Testwork – Overall pit slopes of 40 degrees in oxide and 50 degrees in Fresh Rock.
o Densities are based on 26,898 relative density sample measurements. Averages are 1.58 t/m3 oxide, 2.71 t/m3 Saprock and 2.85 t/m3 fresh rock.
o External downstream payability has not been included, as the base case MRE assumption considers internal downstream processing.
o Payable royalties of 2%.
Metal Pricing:
o Metal price assumptions are based on 10-year trailing averages: Pd price of US$1,380/oz, Pt price of US$1,100/oz, Rh price of US$6,200/oz, Au price
of US$1,500/oz, Ni price of US$15,648/t.
Palladium Equivalent (“PdEq”) Calculation:
o The PdEq equation is: PdEq = Pd g/t + F1 + F2 + F3 + F4
Where: 𝑭𝟏 =
(𝑷𝒕𝒑∗𝑷𝒕𝑹)
(𝑷𝒅𝒑∗𝑷𝒅𝑹) 𝑷𝒕𝒕 𝑭𝟐 =
(𝑹𝒉𝒑∗𝑹𝒉𝑹)
(𝑷𝒅𝒑∗𝑷𝒅𝑹) 𝑹𝒉𝒕 𝑭𝟑 =
(𝑨𝒖𝒑∗𝑨𝒖𝑹)
(𝑷𝒅𝒑∗𝑷𝒅𝑹) 𝑨𝒖𝒕 𝑭𝟒 =
(𝑵𝒊𝒑∗𝑵𝒊𝑹)
(𝑷𝒅𝒑∗𝑷𝒅𝑹) 𝑵𝒊𝒕 P = Metal Price R = Recovery
Costs are taken from comparable projects in GE21’s extensive database of mining operations in Brazil, which includes not only operating mines, but
recent actual costs from what could potentially be similarly sized operating mines in the Carajás. Costs considered a throughput rate of ca. 10mtpa:
o Mining costs: US$2.50/t oxide, US$3.50/t Fresh Rock. Processing costs: US$8.50/t fresh rock, US$7.50/t oxide. US$2.50/t processed for General &
Administration. US$1.00/t processed for grade control. US$0.50/t processed for rehabilitation.
• Several of these considerations (metallurgical recovery, metal price projections for example) should be regarded as preliminary in nature, and therefore the
PdEq calculations should also be regarded as preliminary in nature. Totals may not sum due to rounding.
• The current MRE supersedes and replaces the Historical Estimate (as defined and described below), which should no longer be relied upon.
• The QP is not aware of political, environmental, or other risks that could materially affect the potential development of the Mineral Resources.
NEWS RELEASE
22 October 2023
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Luanga Mineral Resource Estimate
The Luanga deposit mineral resource database consists of 394 drillholes (Bravo + historic drilling) inside the
mineralized envelope, with 77,612 metres of drilling between 1992 to 2023. This represents 77,493 metres of assayed
intervals at an average inter val of close to 1m per assay interval. All assayed interval lengths of core used in the
mineralized domains are HQ diameter in the oxide and NQ2 diameter in fresh rock, diamond drill core.
All historic data used for the MRE has been validated statistically to show no significant bias, either by twinned
drillholes, extensive re-sampling of historic drill core, statistical comparison of historical data with Bravo drilling, and
by field validation of collar locations. In addition, the MRE included 10 trenches for a total of 1,339 metres and 1,349
assays at an average sampling interval close to 1m.
Nine mineralized domains were generated based on the six different styles of mineralization as defined in geological
section below (Figure 4). The parent block model (Figures 2 & 3) is 25 m x 25 m x 5 m with 5 m x 5 m x 5 m sub-blocks,
with interpolation of elements Multiple Indicator Kriging (“ MIK”) for each mineralized fresh rock domain and
Ordinary Kriging (“OK”) for each oxide domain.
There are no known issues that materially affect the MRE other than the usual risks faced by any mining project in
Brazil or other jurisdictions, such as the risks and uncertainties inherent in mineral exploration and development,
environmental, permitting, taxation, socio-economic, marketing, political factors or any additional risks listed in the
“Forward-Looking Statements” section in this news release.
The metallurgical recovery figures achieved at laboratory scale are based on 117 flotation tests in 2 phases, and more
than 30 flotation tests undertaken by the previous owner. Continuous mini-pilot testwork is currently ongoing. Oxide
recoveries used in the MRE calculation are based on results generated from two programs (2022 and 2023) of carbon-
in-leach and gravimetric testwork performed for Bravo, which included 31 leaching tests. Refer to Schedule 2 of this
press release for further details.
Metal price assumptions are derived from the 10-year trailing price averages to smooth out volatility and price cycle
movement in each of these metals. For illustration purposes, t he pie chart below (Figure 1) shows the relative
percentages of metal value contribution to the Luanga MRE using ‘grade x metallurgical recovery x metal price’ for
each metal.
Figure 1: Metal Value Contribution Per Element in the MRE.
NEWS RELEASE
22 October 2023
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Based on recoveries and GE21’s estimates of costs, a cut-off grade (“COG”) of 0.44 g/t PdEq was determined, which
Bravo elected to round upwards to a 0.5 g/t COG, adding a further >10% contingency to this calculation to allow for
potential future changes in any or several of the assumptions . Refer to Schedule 2 of this press release for further
details.
A sensitivity analysis of the COG on the MRE, from 0.1 to 1.0 g/t PdEq, in increments of 0.1 g/t is shown in Table 2.
INDICATED INFERRED
PdEq
Cut-off grade Tonnes Distribution Recovered
Pd/Eq
PdEq
Cut-off grade Tonnes Distribution Recovered
Pd/Eq
(g/t) Mt (%) (g/t) (g/t) Mt (%) (g/t)
0.1 81 100% 1.58 0.1 135 100% 1.33
0.2 81 99% 1.60 0.2 134 99% 1.34
0.3 79 98% 1.62 0.3 132 97% 1.37
0.4 77 94% 1.68 0.4 126 93% 1.42
0.5 73 90% 1.75 0.5 118 87% 1.50
0.6 69 85% 1.82 0.6 108 80% 1.58
0.7 64 79% 1.91 0.7 97 72% 1.69
0.8 59 73% 2.01 0.8 88 65% 1.79
0.9 55 68% 2.10 0.9 80 59% 1.89
1.0 51 63% 2.18 1.0 73 54% 1.98
Table 2: MRE Sensitivity (grade/tonnes/cut-off) with a 0.5g/t PdEq selected for the base case.
*Notes:
• See footnotes below Table 1 on Page 2.
• The PdEq calculation (as defined by the formula in the footnotes below Table 1) includes metallurgical recovery for each metal. Therefore, the PdEq grade
is one that has a reasonable expectation of what can be recovered after allowing for mining and processing costs and recoveries.
Figure 2: Oblique View of Luanga MRE PdEq grade Distribution within Whittle Pit Shell, over 8.1km of Strike.
NEWS RELEASE
22 October 2023
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Figure 3: Oblique View of Luanga MRE within Whittle Pit Shell, over 8.1km of Strike.
Comparison with the Previously Published Historical Estimate
A historical estimate (the “Historical Estimate”) prepared internally in 2017 by the prior owner of Luanga indicated
a total of “124Mt grading 1.24g/t Pd+Pt+Au and 0.11% Ni using a COG of 0.5g/t PGM+Au” as reported in a technical
report prepared for Bravo and titled “Independent Technical Report for the Luanga PGM+Au+Ni Project, Pará State,
Brazil” with an effective date of March 28, 2023. Information such as individual metal grades or category was not
made available to Bravo, therefore a direct comparison between the Historical Estimate and the current MRE is not
possible; nevertheless, it is notable that there has been a significant increase in both the tonnage and grade in the
overall current MRE vs the Historical Estimate. This comparison is noted to illustrate the impact on the tonnage and
grade in respect of the work completed by Bravo since the Historical Estimate was completed. The Company notes
that Rh was not part of the Historical Estimate, and in addition, while Ni grades in the current MRE are almost identical
to the Historic Estimate, Bravo’s Ni assays represent sulphide Ni that is potentially recoverable, whereas the Ni grades
in the Historical Estimate are total Ni, which includes unrecoverable Ni in silicates.
Mineral Resource growth potential
The Company believes that there is excellent potential to increase this initial MRE at Luanga, as follows:
• The mineralization is open at depth along the entire 8.1km of strike.
• Outside of the Central Sector, the current MRE generally extends to depths that align with the depths of the
Phase 1 drilling, typically around 200 met res in the Southwest and North Sectors . This can be seen in Figure 2,
where there are few drill holes that extend below the constraining pit shell. Drilling in the Phase 1 (completed)
program targeted the depth extent of historical drilling (typically up to ~150m), while the ongoing Phase 2 and 3
programs aim to test the extensions of mineralization to 300 +m below surface. To date, only the Central Sector
drilling reached depths of ~300m below surface (Figure 4). The cross-section in Figure 5 (Southwest Sector) shows
how the lack of data at depth is restricting the MRE . Similarly, in Figure 3 , the interpreted continuation of
mineralization at depth (unclassified, coloured grey) demonstrates where deeper drilling is required.
NEWS RELEASE
22 October 2023
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• Figure 4: MRE Deeper Section in the Central Sector.
• Several deeper Phase 2 drill holes completed by Bravo in the Central Sector have intersected wider and higher-
grade mineralization intervals than typical of the MRE, such as hole DDH23LU175 which reported 54.2m at
3.33g/t PGM+Au, 0.22% Ni from 280.5m, including 32.5m at 4.99g/t PGM+Au, 0.30% Ni from 300.2m (see News
Release 15 August 2023). This could indicate potential for higher grades and greater widths of mineralization
below the limit of the current MRE, with potential for additional tonnage.
• Bravo’s trenching program is only partially complete, with the entire Central Sector yet to be trenched and some
trenches still to be completed in the North and Southwest Sectors. Nevertheless, where completed, trenching
indicates a potential for greater aerial extent and typically higher grades (see News Releases 08 May 2023 and
26 September 2023 ) of oxide mineralization (likely due to supergene enrichment and more extensive surface
dispersion). As a result, the current MRE shows a limited extent and lower grades in oxides in areas where no
trenching has been completed versus those areas where trenching has been completed. Bravo plans to complete
trenching over the entire strike length of the Luanga deposit over the next 6 months and, if recent trends
continue, Bravo could expect to see increased tonnes and grade in the oxides v ersus those within the current
MRE. Additionally, trenching to date has identified the presence of high -grade zones within the oxide, which
could be studied in later phases as well.
• Some of Bravo’s deeper drilling has intersected several mineralized horizons stratigraphically above or below the
main mineralized horizon, which is known as the Main Sulphide Zone (“MSZ”). However, many historic holes and
several of Bravo’s earlier drill holes did not extend deep enough to adequately test these horizons (Figure 5). As
a result, they are relatively minor contributors to the current MRE. As Bravo continues its deeper drilling and re-
enters earlier holes to deepen them, these poorly defined mineralized zones may develop into mo re significant
contributors to future MRE growth.
NEWS RELEASE
22 October 2023
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Figure 5: MRE Section Southwest Sector showing Pit reaching limit of drilling data, and additional zone stratigraphically higher.
About Bravo Mining Corp.
Bravo is a Canadian and Brazil-based mineral exploration and development company focused on advancing its Luanga
PGM+Au+Ni Project in the world-class Carajás Mineral Province of Brazil.
The Luanga Project benefits from being in a location close to operating mines, with excellent access and proximity to
existing infrastructure, including road, rail, and clean and renewable hydro grid power. A fully funded 63,000m infill,
step out and explo ration drilling is currently underway. Bravo’s current Environmental, Social and Governance
activities includes replanting trees in the region, hiring and contracting locally, and ensuring protection of the
environment during its exploration activities.
NEWS RELEASE
22 October 2023
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Technical Disclosure and Qualified Persons
Porfírio Cabaleiro Rodriguez, Mining Engineer, BSc (Mine Eng), MAIG, director of GE21 Consultoria Mineral Ltda., is
an Independent QP as defined in NI 43-101 and is responsible for the MRE.
An independent peer review was carried out by Anderson Candido FAusIMM (Fellow Australia Institute of Mining
and Metallurgy). Mr. Candido is a full-time employee of independent consultancy RPM Global and is an Independent
QP as defined in NI 43-101 and was responsible for the independent peer review over the complete MRE process.
Technical assurance was carried out by Professor Mark Noppé MAICD, FAusIMM (CP). Prof. Noppé is the Director of
the WH Bryan Mining Geology Research Centre at The University of Queensland, is an Independent QP as defined in
NI 43-101 and was responsible for technical assurance and peer review over the complete MRE process.
Each of Mr. Cabaleiro, Mr. Candido and Prof. Noppé has reviewed and approved the scientific and technical
information related to the MRE contained in this news release.
Technical information in this news release has also been reviewed and approved by Simo n Mottram, FAusIMM,
President of Bravo Mining Corp. who serves as the Company’s QP as defined in NI 43-101. Mr. Mottram has verified
the technical data and opinions contained in this news release.
Details of the MRE will be provided in a technical report with an effective date of October 22, 2023, prepared in
accordance with NI 43 -101, which will be filed under the Company’s SEDAR + profile within 45 days of this news
release.
For further information about Bravo, please visit www.bravomining.com or contact:
Alex Penha
EVP Corporate Development
Forward Looking Statements
This news release contains forward -looking information which is not comprised of historical facts. Forward -looking
information is characterized by words or sentences such as “potential”, “potentially”, “prospective”, “assume”,
“assumptions”, “preliminary”, “if”, “generally”, “expect”, “expected”, “reasonable expectation”, “indicate”, “believe”,
“anticipate”, “probable”, “probability”, “plans” variants of these words and other similar words, phrases, or
statements that certain events or conditions “could”, “may”, “ should” or “will” occur. This news release contains
forward-looking information pertaining to the Company’s maiden MRE; the potential for future MRE growth from
deeper drilling, and/or additional zones and/or drilling of geophysical targets ; potential repeatability and
improvements to the economic assumptions and/or to metallurgical recoveries used in the MRE; and the Company’s
plans in respect thereof. Forward-looking information involves risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause
actual events, results, and opportunities to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking
information. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from such forward -looking information
include, but are not limited to, unexpected results from exploration programs, changes in the state of equity and debt
markets, fluctua tions in commodity prices, delays in obtaining required regulatory or governmental approvals,
environmental risks, limitations on insurance coverage; and other risks and uncertainties involved in the mineral
exploration and development industry. Forward-looking information in this news release is based on the opinions and
assumptions of management considered reasonable as of the date hereof, including, but not limited to, the
assumption that the assay results confirm that the interpreted mineralization cont ains significant values of nickel,
PGMs and Au; that the mineralization remains open to depth; that Ni grades are improving to depth; that future drill