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Avalon Unveils Third-Party Economic and Labour Study for Its Thunder Bay, Ontario Lithium Processing Facility

Mine Development & Operations Metallurgy & Processing

Avalon Unveils Third-Party Economic and

Labour Study for Its Thunder Bay, Ontario

Lithium Processing Facility

Toronto, Ontario--(Newsfile Corp. - October 9, 2024) -

Avalon Advanced Materials Inc.

(TSX: AVL)

(OTCQB: AVLNF) ("Avalon" or the "Company"), today shared the results of a third-party study conducted

by RIAS Inc. (RIAS), an Ottawa-based consulting firm. This report, based on the recent Preliminary

Economic Assessment (PEA) and customized input-output multipliers from Statistics Canada, details

the significant economic and labour impacts from Avalon's proposed lithium processing facility in

Thunder Bay, Ontario ("The Lake Superior Lithium Project" or the "Project").

The full report is available on the Company's

website

.

Scott Monteith, CEO of Avalon, stated: "the report illustrates the substantial benefits to the City of

Thunder Bay and aligns well with the Sustainable Jobs Act, helping create the net-zero workforce of the

future. The positive impacts will ripple through the community, supporting local businesses and

enhancing the region's overall economic vitality. This initiative promises long-term prosperity, enriching

the city and creating lasting value for its residents

."

Local to National Benefits over the Project Lifespan (2027- 2058)

The Project will have a significant economic multiplier effect across the Thunder Bay community, to the

Northwestern Ontario region, to the province, and to the country through GDP, labour income, and

employment. The study assessed the economic impacts of the two principal phases of the Project:

construction, beginning in 2027, and operations, starting in 2028.

The report also underscores the Project's transformative role in developing human capital, furthering the

aims of the Sustainable Jobs Act, creating a stronger synergy between economic growth and workforce

development. With 128 workers projected to be permanently employed full-time during operations (100

in non-administrative roles and 28 in administrative positions), the Project will offer opportunities in

trades such as millwrights, mechanics, electricians, metallurgical engineers, and process operators.

Ken Boshcoff, Mayor of Thunder Bay remarked: "Avalon's Project is poised to play a crucial role in

revitalizing Canada's economy, particularly in Northwestern Ontario. It aligns perfectly with Premier

Ford's strategy to unite northern resources with southern industrial strength, boosting the region's

presence in technologies like electric vehicles and battery storage. With the numerous advantages of

Avalon's site, its very encouraging to see how the Project will create jobs and ensure long-term

prosperity."

KEY HIGHLIGHTS:

Metrics

Local

Regional

Provincial

National

Construction Phase

GDP (million)

$698 to $718

$721 to $765

$733 to $836

$754 to $878

Labour Income

(million)

$125 to $137

$139 to $165

$152 to $212

$164 to $234

Person-Years of

Employment

(1)

945 to 1,133

1,153 to 1,553

1,312 to 2,232

1,490 to 2,589

Operational Phase

GDP (billion)

$21.3 to $21.4

$25.4

$26.2 to $26.5

$31.0

Labour Income

(billion)

$0.851 to $0.915

$2.9

$3.4

$5.4 to $5.6

Person-Years of

Employment

(1)

9,866 to 10,911

42,724 to 43,426

49,767 to 52,176

77,412 to 79,874

Total Impacts (2027-2058)

GDP (billion)

$22.0

$26.0

$27.0 to $27.4

$31.6 to $32.0

Labour Income

(billion)

$0.975 to $1.0

$3.0

$3.6 to $3.7

$5.6 to $5.8

Person-Years of

Employment

(1)

10,811 to 12,044

43,877 to 44,979

51,078 to 54,408

78,903 to 82,464

(1): Person-Years of Employment refers to the amount of work provided by one person employed full-time for one year, used to measure total labor

input over time for a project or activity.

This study builds upon preliminary analysis conducted by the Northern Policy Institute (NPI), a report

commissioned by the Thunder Bay Community Economic Development Commission (CEDC), which

assessed Thunder Bay's operational readiness for a lithium processing facility.

The NPI report provided an initial assessment of the region's capacity to support a lithium processing

facility. This new report delves deeper into defining and outlining the needs and benefits of a skilled

workforce. The CEDC is committed to helping develop the workforce capable of meeting the demands

of this emerging lithium processing sector

.

Doug Blair, President of Rias Inc. noted: "Avalon's Lithium Project is meticulously planned, with a

strategic focus on long-term economic growth, community impact, and sustainability. Through firsthand

experience and comprehensive impact assessments, we've seen how projects like this one can

transform communities, boost local economies, and create lasting employment opportunities. Avalon is

well-positioned to deliver these real-world benefits."

About Avalon Advanced Materials Inc.

Avalon Advanced Materials Inc. is a Canadian advanced manufacturing company focused on vertically

integrating the Ontario lithium supply chain.

The Company, through its joint venture with SCR-Sibelco NV,

is currently developing its Separation Rapids lithium deposit near Kenora, ON, while also continuing to

advance the Snowbank lithium and Lilypad lithium-caesium projects.

Avalon is also working to develop

its Nechalacho rare earths and zirconium project located in the Northwest Territories.

This deposit

contains critical minerals for use in advanced technologies in the communications and defense

industries among other sectors.

In addition to these upstream activities, Avalon is executing on a key initiative to develop Ontario's first

midstream lithium hydroxide processing facility in Thunder Bay, ON, a vital link bridging the lithium

resources of the north with the downstream EV battery manufacturing base in the south.

About RIAS Inc.

RIAS Inc. is a boutique economics consulting firm based in Ottawa, Ontario, providing economic

research, analysis and strategic advice to both industry and government clients. RIAS Inc. specializes in

helping our private sector clients demonstrate the value and benefits of their activities, and we have

conducted numerous socio-economic impact assessments for a broad range of industry sectors and

companies in Canada and the United States.

For questions, please email the Company at

[email protected]

. or contact Ms. Rachel Naji,

Investor Relations Associate at 416-364-4938.

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information

This news release contains "forward-looking information" within the meaning of applicable Canadian

securities legislation. Forward-looking information includes but is not limited to statements related to

the results of the study, including expected benefits, and the timing of Project construction and

operations. Generally, forward-looking information can be identified by the use of forward-looking

terminology such as "add" or "additional", "advancing", "anticipates" or "does not anticipate",

"appears", "believes", "can be", "conceptual", "confidence", "continue", "convert" or "conversion",

"deliver", "demonstrating", "estimates", "encouraging", "expand" or "expanding" or "expansion",

"expect" or "expectations", "forecasts", "forward", "goal", "improves", "increase", "intends",

"justification", "plans", "potential" or "potentially", "promise", "prospective", "prioritize", "reflects",

"robust", "scheduled", "suggesting", "support", "top-tier", "updating", "upside", "will be" or "will

consider", "work towards", or variations of such words and phrases or state that certain actions, events

or results "may", "could", "would", "might", or "will be taken", "occur", or "be achieved".

Forward-looking information is subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors

that may cause the actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements of the Company to

be materially different from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking information, including

risks associated with project development such as: environmental hazards and economic factors as

they affect the cost and success of the Company's capital expenditures, the ability of the Company to

obtain required permits and approvals, the ability of the Company to obtain financing, , the ability to

source feedstock for the Company's proposed lithium processing facility at reasonable prices or at all,

the price of lithium hydroxide, no operating history, no operating revenue and negative cash flow, land

title risk, the market price of the Company's securities, the Company's commercial viability, inflation

and uncertain global economic conditions, uncertain geo-political shifts and risks, successful

collaboration with indigenous communities, future pandemics and other health crises, dependence on

management and other highly skilled personnel, , extensive government and environmental

regulation, reliance on artificial intelligence technology to influence mining operations, volatility in the

financial markets, uninsured risks, climate change, threat of legal proceedings, as well as those risk

factors discussed or referred to in the annual information form of the Company dated November 28,

2023 (the "AIF") under the heading "Description of the Business - Risk Factors". Forward-looking

information is based on the reasonable assumptions, estimates, analysis and opinions of

management made in light of its experience and perception of trends, current conditions and

expected developments, as well as other factors that management believes to be relevant and

reasonable in the circumstances at the date that such statements are made, but which may prove to

be incorrect.

Although the Company believes that the assumptions and expectations reflected in such

forward-looking information are reasonable, undue reliance should not be placed on forward-looking

information because the Company can give no assurance that such expectations will prove to be

correct.

In addition to other factors and assumptions identified in the AIF, assumptions have been

made regarding, among other things: management of certain of the Company's assets by other

companies or joint venture partners, the Company's ability to carry on its project activities without

undue delays or unbudgeted costs, the ability of the Company to obtain sufficient qualified personnel,

equipment and services in a timely and cost-effective manner, the ability of the Company to operate

in a safe, efficient and effective manner, the ability of the Company to obtain all necessary financing

on acceptable terms and when needed, the accuracy of the Company's operational and price

assumptions on which these are based and the continuance of the regulatory framework regarding

environmental manners. Readers are cautioned that the foregoing list is not exhaustive of all factors

and assumptions that may have been used.

Although the Company has attempted to identify

important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-

looking information, there may be other factors that cause results not to be as anticipated, estimated

or intended.

There can be no assurance that such information will prove to be accurate, as actual

results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such information.

Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking information.

The Company

does not undertake to update any forward-looking information, except in accordance with applicable

securities laws.

To view the source version of this press release, please visit

https://www.newsfilecorp.com/release/226123