Almaden Reports 41% After-Tax IRR from Pre-Feasibility Study, Updated Resource and Production Target of 2019 FOR the Ixtaca Precious Metals Project, Mexico
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NEWS RELEASE
April 3, 2017
Trading Symbols:
TSX: AMM; NYSE MKT: AAU
www.almadenminerals.com
ALMADEN REPORTS 41% AFTER-TAX IRR FROM PRE-FEASIBILITY STUDY, UPDATED
RESOURCE AND PRODUCTION TARGET OF 2019 FOR THE IXTACA PRECIOUS
METALS PROJECT, MEXICO
Almaden Minerals Ltd. (“Almaden” or “the Company”; TSX: AMM; NYSE MKT: AAU) is pleased to report
positive results of the independent Pr e-Feasibility Study (“PFS”) and resource update prepared in accordance
with National Instrument 43-101 (“NI 43-101”) for its 100% owned Ixtaca precious metals deposit, located in
Puebla State, Mexico.
HIGHLIGHTS (all values shown are in $US; base case uses $1250/oz gold and $18/oz silver prices):
Pre-tax NPV(5%) of $484 million and internal rate of return of 54%;
After-tax NPV(5%) of $310 million and internal rate of return of 41%;
Initial Capital of $117 million;
After-tax payback of initia l capital in 2.2 years;
Total LOM production of 1.04 million ounces of gol d and 70.9 million ounces of silver doré produced on
site (2.07 million gold equivalent ounces, or 143 milli on silver-equivalent ounces at a 69:1 silver to gold
ratio);
Average annual production over the first 9 year s of 88,780 ounces gold and 5.47 million ounces silver
(168,100 gold equivalent ounces, or 11.6 million silver equivalent ounces);
Operating cost $706 per gold equivalent ounc e, or $10.20 per silver equivalent ounce;
All-in Sustaining Costs (“AISC”), including operating costs, sustaining capital, expansion capital, private
and public royalties, refining and transport of $8 62 per gold equivalent ounce, or $12.50 per silver
equivalent ounce.
Proven and Probable Minerals Reserves of 65 milli on tonnes averaging 0.62 g/t gold and 37.8 g/t silver
(average head grade of 1.16 g/t gold equivalent using a 69:1 silver to gold ratio)
J. D. Poliquin, Chairman of Almaden reported, "We ar e very pleased to have advanced Ixtaca from a blind
discovery in 2010 to its current position as an outstanding inventory of precious metals in a well established
mining jurisdiction with a very robust economic profile. We are now looking forward to further developing this
deposit through permitting, more advanced engineering and continued drilling of portions of the Ixtaca deposit
that remain open as well as other targets on what remains a largely unexplored property."
Geology and Mineral Resource Estimate
The Ixtaca deposit is an epithermal gold-silver deposit, mostly hosted by veins in limestone and shale basement
rocks with a minor component of disseminated mineralisation hosted in overlying volcanic rocks. In this PFS the
limestone host rock comprised 82% of the metal produced, volcanic 8% and black shale 10% on a gold-
equivalent basis using a 69:1 silver to gold ratio.
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On January 31, 2013 the Company announced a maiden res ource on the Ixtaca Zone, which was followed by a
resource update on January 22, 2014. Since that time 33,618 metres of drilling have been completed in 122
holes, and this data is also included in the Mineral Reso urce Estimate which has been prepared in accordance
with NI 43-101 by Gary Giroux, P.Eng., qualified person (“QP”) under the meaning of NI 43-101, and
summarised in the Table 1 below. The data available fo r the resource estimation consisted of 545 drill holes
assayed for gold and silver. Wireframes constraining mineralised domains were constructed based on geologic
boundaries defined by mineralisation intensity and host ro ck type. Higher grade zones occur where there is a
greater density of epithermal veining. These higher grade domains have good continuity and are cohesive in
nature.
Of the total drill holes, 472 intersected the mineralised solids and were used to make the resource estimate.
Capping was completed to reduce the effect of outliers within each domain. Uniform down hole 3 meter
composites were produced for each domain and used to produce semivariograms for each variable. Grades
were interpolated into blocks 10 x 10 x 6 meters in di mension by Ordinary kriging. Specific gravities were
determined for each domain from drill core. Estimated blo cks were classified as either Measured, Indicated or
Inferred based on drill hole density and grade continuity.
Table 1- Ixtaca Zone NI 43-101 Measured, Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resource Statement with the
Base Case 0.3 g/t AuEq Cut-Off highlighted from January 2017 Resource Statement. Also shown are the
0.5, 0.7 and 1.0 g/t AuEq cut-off results. AuEq calculation based average prices of $1250/oz gold and
$18/oz silver.
MEASURED RESOURCE
AuEq Cut-off Tonnes > Cut-off Grade>Cut-off Contained Metal x 1,000
(g/t) (tonnes) Au
(g/t)
Ag
(g/t) AuEq (g/t) Au (ozs) Ag (ozs) AuEq (ozs)
0.30 42,450,000 0.57 35.74 1.09 779 48,780 1,482
0.50 30,940,000 0.71 44.39 1.34 701 44,160 1,337
0.70 23,310,000 0.83 52.47 1.59 625 39,320 1,192
1.00 16,430,000 1.01 62.28 1.91 533 32,900 1,006
INDICATED RESOURCE
AuEq Cut-off Tonnes > Cut-off Grade>Cut-off Contained Metal x 1,000
(g/t) (tonnes) Au
(g/t)
Ag
(g/t) AuEq (g/t) Au (ozs) Ag (ozs) AuEq (ozs)
0.30 83,370,000 0.45 22.54 0.77 1,195 60,410 2,064
0.50 50,220,000 0.60 29.56 1.02 964 47,730 1,650
0.70 32,280,000 0.75 35.72 1.26 776 37,070 1,311
1.00 18,260,000 0.97 43.47 1.59 568 25,520 936
INFERRED RESOURCE
AuEq Cut-off Tonnes > Cut-off Grade>Cut-off Contained Metal x 1,000
(g/t) (tonnes) Au
(g/t)
Ag
(g/t) AuEq (g/t) Au (ozs) Ag (ozs) AuEq (ozs)
0.30 47,050,000 0.30 19.15 0.58 457 28,970 874
0.50 19,860,000 0.45 27.31 0.85 288 17,440 540
0.70 10,260,000 0.61 32.98 1.09 202 10,880 359
1.00 4,430,000 0.88 38.50 1.43 125 5,480 204
This Mineral Resource Estimate was prepared by Gary Giroux, P.Eng. in accordance with NI 43-101,
with an effective date of January 17, 2017.
Mineral Resources that are not Mineral Reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.
The estimate of Mineral Resources may be materia lly affected by environmental, permitting, legal or
other relevant issues. The Mineral Resources hav e been classified according to the CIM Definition
Standards for Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves in effect as of the date of this news release.
All figures were rounded to reflect the relative accuracy of the estimates.
Metal assays were capped where appropriate.
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Mineral Reserve Estimate
The PFS describes the Mineral Reserve estimation methodology and summarizes the key assumptions used,
and to which this estimate is subject. The qualified person responsible for the Mineral Reserve is Jesse Aarsen,
P.Eng., of Moose Mountain Technical Services. The Miner al Reserve is a subset of the Mineral Resource
comprising only measured and indicate d mineral resource bloc ks that contribute positive economic value and
that are planned for processing during the life-of-mine plan.
Table 2 – Mineral Reserves
Tonnes
Diluted Average
Grades Contained Metal
(millions) Au (g/t) Ag (g/t) Au - '000 ozs Ag - '000 ozs
Proven 28.4 0.68 45.0 623 41,032
Probable 36.8 0.57 32.0 669 37,793
TOTAL 65.1 0.62 37.7 1,292 78,825
Notes to Mineral Reserve table:
Mineral Reserves have an effective date of March 30, 2017. All Mineral Rese rves in this table are
Proven and Probable Mineral Reserves. The Minera l Reserves are not in addition to the Mineral
Resources, but are a subset thereof. All Mineral Reserves stated above a ccount for mining loss and
dilution.
Associated metallurgical recoveries (gold and s ilver, respectively) have been estimated as 90% and
90% for limestone, 50% and 90% for volcanic, 50% and 90% for black shale.
Reserves are based on a US$1,250/oz gold price, US$18/oz silver price and an exchange rate of
US$1.00:MXP20.00.
Reserves are converted from reso urces through the process of pit optim ization, pit design, production
schedule and supported by a positive cash flow model.
Rounding as required by reporting guidelines may result in summation differences.
Mining under the proposed production plan
The Ixtaca gold-silver project in the PFS is planned as an open pit mining operation using contractor mining with
initial production in 2019 at a mill feed rate of 7,650 tonnes per day during Years 1-4 and a ramp up to 15,300
tonnes per day from Year 5 onwards.
Estimated mining inventory is comprised of 326 million tonnes of rock and 65 million tonnes of mill feed with an
average mill feed grade of 0.62 grams per tonne gold and 37.7 grams per tonne silver. A total of 1.04 million
ounces of gold and 70.9 million ounces of silver would be produced over the 14 year mine life.
The ultimate open pit is separated into seven mining phases. The mine plan consists of one year of pre-stripping
(prior to ore processing start-up), and fourteen years of open pit mining. Stockpile reclaim will be fed to the
processing facility throughout the mine life. All open pit ore and reclaimed stockpile material will be fed to a
primary crusher near the pit rim and transported to the processing facility on an overland conveyor.
Processing
The PFS incorporates the Rock Creek process plant which was optioned by Almaden in October, 2015. The
plant will operate initially at an average throughpu t of 7,650 tpd and expanding to 15,300 tpd by year 5,
producing gold and silver doré on site. The process plant includes the following key design criteria:
Three-stage crushing followed by grinding to P80 passing 75 microns;
Gravity concentration with intens ive leaching of gravity concentrate;
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Flotation of gravity concentration tails;
Carbon-in-Pulp (CIP) to recover gold and silver from flotation concentrate and gravity leach tails;
An elution circuit to strip loaded carbon, electrowi nning and smelting to produce a precious metal doré;
Cyanide destruction;
Final tailings are thickened, then deliver ed to the tailings management facility.
The following table summarizes the production and processing parameters:
Table 3 – Projected Production and Processing Summary
Ore Reserves 65 million tonnes
Average Processing Rate
7,650 tpd Year 1 to 4,
15,300 tpdYear 5 onwards
Life of Mine (LOM) Strip Ratio 5 : 1
Gold Silver
Average Mill Feed Grade 0.62 g/t 37.7 g/t
Average Process Recoveries 81% 90%
Average Annual Production LOM (ounces) 78,100 5,290,000
Total Production (ounces) 1,043,000 70,932,000
Capital and Operating Costs
The total estimated initial capital cost for the Ixtaca gold-silver project is $116.9 million and sustaining capital
(including expansion capital) is $119.7 million over t he LOM. The estimated expansion capital of $72.1 million
will be funded from cashflow. The estimated LOM operating costs are $22.5 per tonne mill feed.
The following tables summarize the cost components:
Table 4 – Initial Capital Costs ($ millions)
Mining $12.1
Process $35.6
Tailings Management Facility (TMF) $11.7
Water Management $5.4
Onsite Infrastructure $7.6
Offsite Infrastructure $7.8
Environmental $1.8
Indirects, EPCM, Contingency and Owner’s Costs $34.9
Total $116.9
Table 5 – Expansion Capital Costs ($ millions)
Mining $1.3
Process $35.4
Infrastructure $12.2
TMF and Water Management $3.4
Indirects, EPCM, Contingency and Owner’s Costs $19.7
Total $72.1
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Table 6 – LOM Average Operating Costs ($)
Mining costs $1.70 $/tonne mined
Mining costs $10.0 $/tonne milled
Processing $11.6 $/tonne milled
G&A $0.8 $/tonne milled
Total $22.5 $/tonne milled
Economic Results and Sensitivities
A summary of financial outcomes comparing base case metal prices to two alternative metal price situations is
presented below. The PFS base case prices are derived from a combination of spot prices and current common
peer usage, while the alternate cases consider the projec t’s economic outcomes at varying prices witnessed at
some point over the three years prior to this study.
Table 7 - Summary of Ixtaca Economic Results and Sensitivities to Precious Metal Prices ($ million)
Lower Case Base Case Upper Case
Pre-Tax After-Tax Pre-Tax After-Tax Pre-Tax After-Tax
Gold Price ($/oz) $1150 $1250 $1350
Silver Price ($/oz) $15 $18 $21
NPV (5% discount rate) $275 $175 $484 $310 $693 $443
Internal Rate of Return (%) 38% 28% 54% 41% 70% 52%
Payback (years) 2.4 2.6 2.0 2.2 1.6 1.9
The operating costs (“Opex”) are pr ojected to be US$22.5 per tonne milled. The following table shows the
sensitivity of project economics to a 10% change in the operating costs, assuming base case metals prices.
Table 8 - Summary of Ixtaca Economic Results and Sensitivities to Operating Costs ($ million)
Lower Case Base Case Upper Case
Pre-Tax After-Tax Pre-Tax After-Tax Pre-Tax After-Tax
Opex ($/t milled) -10% $22.5/t +10%
NPV (5% discount rate) $581 $372 $484 $310 $386 $248
Internal Rate of Return (%) 61% 46% 54% 41% 48% 35%
Payback (years) 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.3
The Ixtaca project is also sensitive to the exchange ra te between U.S. dollars and Mexican Pesos (“MXP”). The
PFS assumes an exchange rate of 20.00 MXP per U.S. do llar, and the following table shows the sensitivity of
project economics to different exchange rates assuming base case metals prices.
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Table 9 - Summary of Ixtaca Economic Results and Sensitivities to Exchange Rates ($ million)
Lower Case Base Case Upper Case
Pre-Tax After-Tax Pre-Tax After-Tax Pre-Tax After-Tax
Exchange Rate (MXP:USD) 18.00 20.00 22.00
NPV (5% discount rate) $380 $243 $484 $310 $569 $364
Internal Rate of Return (%) 47% 35% 54% 41% 60% 45%
Payback (years) 2.1 2.3 2.0 2.2 1.9 2.1
Rock Management, Environment and Community
Almaden recognises the paramount importance of protecting the environment to facilitate the development of a
sustainable project. Knight Piésold Ltd. (“KP”) has been retained to help the Company with long lead item
studies concerning environmental monitoring, assessm ent and permitting matters. Almaden established the
following environmental objectives for the Project:
Protect surface and ground water quality;
Incorporate environmental enhancement opportuniti es into the mine and final reclamation plans;
Minimize the project footprint.
In order to achieve these objectives Almaden and KP have instituted comprehensive management strategies
incorporating all applicable best management practice (BMP) technologies as a f undamental component of the
Project.
Enhancement Opportunities
Following review of the resource report and PFS, Almaden intends to explore the possibility of further project
enhancements in the following areas:
Almaden will be conducting further drilling in areas inter nal to and within close proximity of the Ixtaca
PFS pit. The focus of drilling will be to add additional resources which could be mined either by open pit
or underground methods for inclusion in future engineering studies;
The key limestone unit accounts for 99% of total gold equivalent ounces in the first 3 years of production
and 82% of total gold equivalent ounces produced over the life of mine. Metallurgical recoveries on the
key limestone unit are indicated to be 90% for gold and 90% for silver. Metal recoveries within the black
shale unit, which currently accounts for approximatel y 10% of total gold equivalent ounces produced in
this PFS, are indicated to be 50% for gold and 90% for silver based on preliminary testing. The black
shale unit will be a focus of future work as a number of potential avenues to improve gold recovery have
not yet been explored;
Next Engineering and Development Steps
The Company will soon initiate work towards a Feasibility Study, and intends to submit the application for mine
permits by the third quarter this year. Groundwater and surface water quality and quantity monitoring is well
established, and a range of additional physical, and biological studies have been completed.
A NI 43-101 technical report for this Ixtaca Deposit PFS will be filed on SEDAR (www.sedar.com) within 45 days.
Qualified Persons, Quality Control and Assurance
The following companies have undertaken work in preparation of the PFS:
APEX Geoscience Ltd. (Exploration and Drill data QA/QC)
Giroux Consultants Ltd. (Mineral Resource Estimation)
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Moose Mountain Technical Services (“MMTS”) (Overall Report Preparation, Mine Plan, Mineral Reserve,
Mineral Processing, Infrastructure, and Financial Model)
Knight Piésold Ltd. (“KP”) (Geotechnical, Environmental, Rock and Tailings Management)
The independent qualified persons responsible for prepar ing the Ixtaca PFS are; Jesse Aarsen, P.Eng. and
Tracey Meintjes, P.Eng. of MMTS, Ken Embree, P.Eng. of KP, Kris Raffle, P.Geo. of APEX Geoscience Ltd.,
and Gary Giroux, M.A.Sc., P.Eng. of Giroux Consultants Ltd., all of whom act as independent consultants to the
Company, are Qualified Persons as defined by National Instrument 43-101 ("NI 43-101") and have reviewed
and approved the contents of this news release.
MMTS is an association of Geologists, Engineers and Technicians providing experienced knowledge in Geology,
Mine Engineering, and Metallurgical Services and Support to the mining industry for over 15 years. Through
their network of associates they pr ovide an integrated team of experts and QP’s. Services range from early
grassroots exploration and development, block model builds, resource and reserve estimates, advanced
planning and studies for mine proposals (including operat ional support), process design and permitting process
guidance and support. MMTS has experience working on gol d, silver, copper, molybdenum, coal, uranium, rare
earths, industrial minerals, and tungsten deposits thro ughout North and South America and around the world. A
list of specific projects worked on by MMTS can be found at www.moosemmc.com.
KP is an international consulting firm and recogniz ed leader in providing engineering and environmental
services. KP’s expertise has been applied to hundreds of surface and underground mining projects in all stages
of development and a broad range of environmental settings. KP provides industry leading services in water and
waste management, tailings disposal, heap leach pads, rock mechanics and environmental services, and has
been recognized for innovative services that meet high standards of reliability, security and cost effectiveness.
The analyses used in the preparation of the mineral resource statement were carried out at ALS Chemex
Laboratories of North Vancouver using industry standar d analytical techniques. For gold, samples are first
analysed by fire assay and atomic absorption spectroscopy (“AAS”). Samples that return values greater than 10
g/t gold using this technique are then re-analysed by fire assay but with a gravimetric finish. Silver is first
analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma - Atomic Emi ssion Spectroscopy (“ICP-AES”). Samples that return
values greater than 100 g/t silver by ICP-AES are then re analysed by HF-HNO3-HCLO4 digestion with HCL
leach and ICP-AES finish. Of these samp les those that return silver val ues greater than 1,500 g/t are further
analysed by fire assay with a gravimetric finish. Blanks, field duplicates and certified standards were inserted
into the sample stream as part of Almaden’s qua lity assurance and control program which complies with
National Instrument 43-101 requirements. In addition to the in-house QAQC measures employed by Almaden,
Kris Raffle, P.Geo. of APEX Geoscience Ltd., comple ted an independent review of Almaden’s drill hole and
QAQC databases. The review included an audit of approximat ely 10% of drill core analyses used in the mineral
resource estimate. A total of 10,885 database gold and s ilver analyses were verified against original analytical
certificates. Similarly, 10% of the original drill collar coordinates and down hole orientation survey files were
checked against those recorded in the database; and select drill si tes were verified in the field by Kris Raffle,
P.Geo. The QAQC audit included independent review of blank, field duplicate and certified standard analyses.
All QAQC values falling outside the limits of expecte d variability were flagged and followed through to ensure
completion of appropriate reanalyses. No discrepancies were noted within the drill hole database, and all
QAQC failures were dealt with and handled with appropriate reanalyses. The mineral resource estimate
referenced in this press release was prepared by Ga ry Giroux, P.Eng., an independent Qualified Person as
defined by NI 43-101.
Exploration Opportunities
The Ixtaca deposit is one of several exploration targets on the wholly owned Tuligtic property. The Tuligtic claim
covers an area of high level epithermal clay alteration. The project area is partially covered by volcanic ash
deposits which mask underlying alteration, potential vein zones and associated soil re sponses. In areas devoid
of this covering ash, soil sampling has defined several distinct zones of elevated gold and silver values and
trace elements typically associated with epithermal vein sy stems. The Ixtaca zone is one of the largest areas of
gold/silver soil response but it is also one of the ar eas with the least ash cover on the project. Management
believes that the other altered and geochemically anomalous areas could represent additional zones of
underlying quartz-carbonate epithermal veining like the Ixtaca zone.
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The potential quantity and grade of these exploration targets is conceptual in nature. There has been insufficient
exploration and/or study to define thes e exploration targets as a Mineral Resource. It is uncertain if additional
exploration will result in these exploration targets being delineated as a Mineral Resource. The potential quantity
and grade of these exploration targets has not been used in this PFS.
Cautionary Note concerning estimates of Measured, Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resources
This news release uses terms that comply with r eporting standards in Canada and certain estimates are made
in accordance with Canadian National Instrument 43-101 (“NI 43-101”). NI 43-101 is a rule developed by the
Canadian Securities Administrators that establishes Canadian standards for all public disclosure an issuer
makes of scientific and technical information concerning mineral projects. These standards differ significantly
from the requirements of the U.S. Securities a nd Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and mineral resource
information contained herein may not be comparable to similar information disclosed by United States
companies.
This news release uses the terms “measured mineral re sources”, “indicated mineral resources” and “inferred
mineral resources” to comply with reporting standards in Canada. We advise United St ates investors that while
such terms are recognized and required by Canadian regulations, the SEC does not recognize them. United
States investors are cautioned not to assume that any part or all of the mineral deposits in such categories will
ever be converted into mineral reserves under SEC definitions. These terms have a great amount of uncertainty
as to their existence, and great uncert ainty as to their economic and legal f easibility. Therefore, United States
investors are also cautioned not to as sume that all or any part of the “m easured mineral resources”, “indicated
mineral resources” or “inferred mineral resources” exis t. In accordance with Canadian rules, estimates of
“inferred mineral resources” cannot form the basis of pre-feasibility or other economic studies. It cannot be
assumed that all or any part of the “measured mineral resources”, “indicated mineral resources” or “inferred
mineral resources” will ever be upgraded to a higher category.
About Almaden
Almaden Minerals Ltd. is a well financed company which owns 100% of the Tuligtic project in Puebla State,
Mexico. Tuligtic covers the Ixtaca Gold-Silver Deposit, which was discovered by Almaden in 2010.
On Behalf of the Board of Directors
“Morgan Poliquin”
Morgan J. Poliquin, Ph.D., P.Eng.
President, CEO and Director
Almaden Minerals Ltd.
Forward Looking Statement
Neither the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX) nor the NYSE MKT have reviewed or accepted responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of the contents of this
news release which has been prepared by mana gement. Except for the statements of histor ical fact contained herein, certain info rmation presented constitutes
"forward-looking statements" or “forward-looking information” within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litiga tion Reform Act of 1995 and
Canadian securities laws. Such forward-look ing statements, including but not limited to, those with respect to mineral resource and mineral reserve estimates,
potential expansion of mineralization, potential size of mineral ized zone, mining and processing plans, size and timing of exp loration and development
programs, estimated project capital and other project costs and the timing of submission and rece ipt and availability of regula tory approvals and permitting
involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievement of Almaden to be materially
different from any future results, performance or achievements ex pressed or implied by such forw ard-looking statements. Such fa ctors include, among others,
risks related to international operations, the actual results of current exploration activities, conclusions of economic evalua tions, uncertainty in the estimation of
mineral resources or mineral reserves, changes in project parameters as plans continue to be refined, environmental risks and hazards, increased infrastructure
and/or operating costs, labour and employment matters, and govern ment regulation and permitting requirements as well as those f actors discussed in the PFS
or in the section entitled "Risk Factors" in Almaden's Annual In formation Form and Almaden's latest Form 20-F on file with the United States Securities and
Exchange Commission in Washington, D.C. Although Almaden has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from
those anticipated in such forward-looking statements, there may be other factors that cause results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended. There can be
no assurance that such statements will prove to be accurate as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements.
Almaden disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new in formation, future events or
otherwise, other than as required pursuant to applicable securities laws. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.